Al-Haj Dr T B Jayah and national unity
Memorial Oration delivered by S H M Jameel,
on January 1st at Ghafoor Hall, Zahira College, Colombo. The lecture was
organized by Conference of Sri Lankan Malays
I am extremely privileged to deliver this Oration on the 122nd birth
anniversary of Alhaj Dr T B Jayah on the invitation of the Conference of
Sri Lankan Malays, whose President Alhaj T K Azoor has devoted much of
his energy and time in fostering the concept of Bersatu (unity)
Keikhalasan (sincerity) and Pengorbanan (sacrifice) and also in
perpetuating the memory of that great National hero late Dr T B Jayah.
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Alhaj Dr T
B Jayah |
Dr Jayah devoted his entire life for his community and the nation in
the struggle for obtaining Independence to Ceylon, to forge national
unity and communal harmony among all citizens, to develop the
educational standard of the whole country by whole heartedly supporting
the policy-making and implementation of the Reforms enunciated by the
Board of Education of the State Council under the leadership of the
Father of Free Education, Dr C W W Kannangara, and particularly to
improve the overall standard of the Muslim community by providing
political leadership, educational direction and the path for social
regeneration.
Very early in life he had remarked that one should be “prepared to
scorn delights and live laborious days not for the sake of filthy lucre,
not even for mere vanity of name and fame, but for greater ideals of
service.” This, he fulfilled positively and in full measure, was evident
in an expression of gratitude by Dr A M A Azeez, whom Jayah had
personally chosen to succeed him as Principal of Zahira College, Colombo
to continue his services or 27 years in taking Zahira to the zenith as
the ‘radiating centre of Islamic thought and activity.’
In a speech delivered in 1914 at the Ceylon Muslim Association on the
topic of ‘Education and National Progress’, seven years before he became
the Principal of Zahira, Jayah said that “it was only by the revivifying
influence of English education that the Muslim community would be
brought to a position of intellectual elevation, social efficiency and
political power .... To achieve this end, who is to be the Sir Seyed
Ahamed Khan of Ceylon? Who among our leaders will follow in the wake of
that renowned Indian leader? He need not necessarily be a child of
Western culture, for Sir. Seyed Ahamed was not. But he must certainly be
fearless in his actions, disinterested in his motive, inspired by a
mighty purpose and ready to dare and even die in the cause he espouses.
If such a one there be, he will doubtless go down to posterity as the
saviour of the Muslims of Ceylon.”
This question was answered after 36 years in 1950 by A M A Azeez in
the following words: “Jayah posed this question in 1914 and today in
1950 we say without any hesitation and with one accord that T B Jayah is
that Sir Seyed Ahamed Khan and that leader and that Saviour of the
Muslims.”
Tuan Brahanudeen Jayah, the great educationist, community and
national leader, statesman, patron, president and chairman of 55
organizations was born on January 1, 1890 at Galagedara, where his
father Cassim Jayah was employed in the Police Department.
Owing to the transfer of Cassim Jayah, the family shifted residence
to Kurunegala, where the young Brahanudeen started his Quranic Education
under the tutelage of Noordeen Alim and Omarlebbe and the secular
schooling at the Anglo-Vernacular School.
Once again on the transfer of the father, the family moved to Colombo
and Brahanudeen was enrolled at the St Paul's College, Modera in Grade 1
at the age of 10. It would be curious today to see a boy of ten years in
Grade 1, but was common occurrence in that era. The young student was
found to be so brilliant that he was awarded a treble promotion from
Grade 1 to Grade 4 and once again a double promotion to Grade 6 in the
following year. In 1904, he obtained a scholarship to S Thomas’ College,
situated then at Modera.
Having passed the Matriculation and Inter Arts Examinations, he
obtained a teaching job at Dharmaraja College, Kandy in January 1910,
then shifted to Prince of Wales College, Moratuwa in May 1910 and
thereafter to Ananda College, Colombo in 1917, where he remained till he
assumed duties as Principal of Zahira College, Colombo on September 1,
1921.
Though he embarked on a teaching career at an early age due to the
financial constraints he encountered in proceeding with higher
education, yet while being a teacher, he continued his academic pursuit
and became a graduate. He subsequently enrolled himself at the Law
College with the intention of becoming a lawyer; but his conviction that
he could serve the community in a better way by continuing as an
educator persuaded him to remain in the teaching profession.
In a lecture delivered to the Ceylon Muslim Association in February
1919, he posed the question “What have we done? The other communities
have produced eminent men in different walks of life. They have produced
eminent lawyers and doctors, eminent councillors, men of eminence in
other ways. What have the Muslims? Have we any eminent men in the
service of the government or in learned professions? Have we even a few
schools and colleges of our own? Have we sent largely our children even
to non-Muslim schools? The answer is an emphatic ‘NO’ ... My humble
suggestions to the Mohammedan leaders is that, if they cannot start both
college and elementary schools for the Mohammedans, let them at least
give us one Mohamedan College, because that Mohamedan College might form
a centre which might send out a noble band of heroes who might form a
centre which might send out a noble band of heroes who might rejuvenate
the nation. The supreme need of the hour is education, not merely
elementary education, not mere half-hearted education, but an education
that will turn out heroes and heroines, leaders and reformers, thinkers
and philosophers, an education that will make us a progressive,
enlightened and powerful minority.” These are prophetic words indeed.
Zahira blossoms
In his 27 years of stewardship at Zahira until August 22, 1948, he
successfully produced the leaders and reformers, thinkers and
philosophers, and Legislators and national figures, who brought forth an
enlightened Muslim community, which in course in time was able to
contribute to the political, social, economic and cultural development
at the national level.
Zahira evolved as a symbol of unity and social integration. Perhaps
his early experience at Dharmaraja, Prince of Wales and Ananda gave him
a broader outlook in his vision. In fact, three of his students at
Ananda, who in later life emerged as pioneer Leftist leaders, namely Dr
N M Perera, Philip Gunewardena and Robert Gunewardena always referred to
Jayah with utmost respect as their mentor and guide during their student
days.
In the same manner, Zahira had teachers, students and employees from
all the communities. His Vice-Principals were George Weeramantry, who
came from Ananda and Wijeratne; when he opened the Commerce Stream, the
person he chose to head the Section was J A Charles; some of the
prominent teachers were Rauff Pasha from India, Moulavi Haniff Nadvi,
Pandit Nallathamby who translated the Ceylon National Anthem into Tamil,
Navaliyoor S Nadarajan, a famous poet, N P Pillai, Ms Pillai, Ms E
Dissanayake and a host of others.
The tradition of this cosmopolitanism continued and during the
Principalship of Azeez, almost half of the more than 100 students who
entered the University – indeed 100 was a very large number at that time
– were non Muslims. We still find even today the strong foundations laid
by Jayah for communal amity persisting at Zahira.
Development projects
This enormous achievement took quarter of a century of labour and
dedication by a man of utter sincerity, whose heart and mouth spoke the
same language and with the unstinted support of the Maradana Mosque
Committee, who were the managers of the college and an array of
well-wishers. The situation at Zahira at the beginning of his
Principalship was described by him in the following words: “The outlook
was dismal – six teachers, 59 boys, hardly any furniture worth the name,
with a building just enough for a primary school, used at night by
loafers and other undesirables, with unattractive surroundings and about
20 or 30 yards from the buildings, thickets and shrubs regarded by the
public as the rendezvous of the denizens of the underworld, relieved
only by the majesty of the Maradana mosque”.
Undaunted, he accepted the challenge and undertook many development
projects. Classes were started upto matriculation, number of teachers
increased from six to 30, sports and athletics expanded, Literary
associations formed which started the publication of the magazine ‘The
Crescent’, opened a Hostel, Dental Clinic, Free Night School and a
Canteen that provided a wholesome rice and curry lunch for ten cents.
The Night School was perhaps the first of its kind in Ceylon.
He started the ‘College Extension Fund’ through which a large number
of classrooms, science laboratory, and the main building of this
Ghaffoor Hall where we are assembled today were constructed, the main
benefactors being the Maradana Mosque Committee, N D H Abdul Ghaffoor
and Puthen Bootil Umbichy.
The indicator of the vast strides of development was the increase in
the number of students from 59 in 1921 to 450 in 1922, to 645 in 1925,
which within a few years exceeded 1000.
Every important dignitary visiting Ceylon was invited to address the
students, teachers, parents and public at Zahira College. Sarojini
Naidu, Moulana Saukat Ali, Jawaharlal Nehru, Mahathma Ghandi and
Rajaji-all the top-level leaders of the Indian Freedom Movement made it
an integral item in the programme to visit this citadel of education.
The speech made by Jayah on the occasion of the visit of Mahatma Ghandhi
on the efforts of Gandhi on Hindu-Muslim Unity in India was one of the
finest speeches that demonstrated the attitude of Jayah on communal
harmony, national unity and integration.
To be continued
S H M Jameel is a distinguished old boy of
Zahira, Former Secretary to Ministry of Muslim Religious and Cultural
Affairs, an author of 45 books and presently President of Dr A M A Azeez
Foundation
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