Caring for values among expatriates
This collection of 21 short stories in Thamil titled Yaavarum Kealir
(All are my Relatives), is Yogeswari Ganeshalingam's second book.
Earlier, she brought out a book titled Naavalar Valiyil Thamil
Arignarkal (Thamil Scholars in the Naavalar Tradition) She presents some
aspects of life led by former Sri Lankans presently living in foreign
climes.
She had visited some of these countries and obtained first-hand
information of the pattern of living there and she implicitly draws the
distinction between the two kind of living - the one in Yaalpaanam and
the other in such countries like Canada, Australia, the U.K. and other
European countries.
Without much analysis, I wish to tell the non-Thamil readers what
some of her stories are about in this week's column. Understandably, I
cannot retell the synopsis of all these stories in such a limited space.
As an indicator of what the author is mainly interested in telling these
stories, I shall give the main points in the first five stories.
The first five stories
The title story is interesting. A man gone to Canada with his wife
and living with their son over there suddenly realizes that he could not
adjust himself to the western way of life and with nostalgia returns
alone to his native land in Yaalpaanam only to find that nobody
recognizes him as people of his generation had all emigrated and
entirely new faces were now haunting his familiar faces.
Although he wishes to say that the new faces could also be his
relatives of some sort and that all countries are his own country, in
actuality, he decides to return to Canada.
Chirappar Viduthi (The Shroff's Home) talks about a son living in
London who feels relieved that his aged parents wish to live amongst
other native people in Yaalpaanam in an elder's home refurbished from
their ancestral mansion. The son first brought his parents to live in a
flat in Colombo, when trouble started in the north.
They led an unhappy closed life in the flats, whereas they wanted to
mix with their own friends and the familiar neighbourhood. The son later
came down to Sri Lanka and repaired and cleaned the house which was
neglected during the parents' absence and made it a home for the
homeless maintained by him and his friends in London.
Ambaalin Angehaaram (The Approval of the Goddess) - is about the
story of a youth, Seelan, who escaped death from the armed forces in
Yaalpaanam and went to Switzerland having paid huge sums to a local
agency. He now returns to his native land after 10 years having earned a
lot of money and settling all his debts.
He brought with him his own money and money collected from his
friends in Switzerland to contribute to the renovation of a temple of
the Goddess. The amount was one million rupees, but he gives half of
this amount to the parents of his best friend who was killed by the
armed forces to be given as a dowry to the sister of his friend, and
begs the Goddess to forgive him.
Pattal Thaan Thetiyum (Only Experience can Teach) - is about an
ageing Lankan living in Australia for 30 years. His son Murali was four
years when he came to Australia and now he is more than 30 years. He is
a typical Australian. This man Sundaram, son of a farmer left his
parents in Sri Lanka to lead a comfortable life in Australia.
He did not have any family bond with his parents who brought him up.
Now Sundaram's own son wants to emigrate to the U.S. to better his
prospects leaving his parents alone in Australia. It's only then that
Sundaram realizes that just as he was selfish, his own son is also
selfish.
Sugamaana Sonthangal (Comfortable Realtionship) is about the meeting
of two women from Yaalpaanam - one a poor woman now become sophisticated
having worked in Germany and living in London with her mother and the
other her neighbour in Yaalpaanam, a rich woman now living in London
with her husband who wishes to get back to his native land.
They meet at a London shopping complex and surprise each other. The
idea suggested is that in foreign climes life is comfortable than living
in Yaalpaanam.
The key points
The belated realization that the spouse is dear to a woman born in
Yaalpaanam; an illiterate woman is puzzled when her granddaughter in
Australia had dyed her hair red as her own daughter's hair was naturally
not black; the belated realization that getting the son married to some
one who would love her would have been better than getting him married
to a girl who is above her own status; the loneliness of an old woman in
a strange land with different life-style and the eventual positive
attitude in teaching the young ones with hymns and thus driving away the
loneliness; the changes in approaches to marriage and the inevitability
of parents falling in line with the children's likes and dislikes.
In another story the experiences of two women in Canada are shown in
regard to bringing up their children. One woman is conservative and
believes in traditional values, the other is adaptable to western way of
living.
While the children of the former do well in studies the children of
the other bring in their lovers home, much to the dislike of the mother.
Their respective lovers are Black and Guyanese.
Changes in attitudes
If these stories show the emigration of middle and lower middle class
and poor people to foreign countries out of fear of living in their own
land, even though they might not have been educated or sophisticated,
the stories also show their quick transition to inevitable adaptation to
an entirely new way of life.
Some traditionally rooted in their own soil find it difficult to live
in the west and have nostalgic feelings, but soon they realize that the
old way of life has changed in their own native land too. The loneliness
of the aged in such countries, the entire shocking experiences with the
younger generation that is more western than Sri Lankan are some of the
problems that the writer implicitly exposes.
The locale in some stories is Yaalpaanam. The rich elder brother and
the poor younger brother without any bond of relationship is the theme
in one story. The loss of family life and love of a popular doctor who
earns fabulously but tiring himself all day is yet another story.
The relief that one has a home in Yaalpaanam to go back even if you
are driven away from Colombo is the idea in another story. A housemaid
returns from Abhu Dhabi having been ill-treated by the master and
decides not to go again for a job abroad. But after sometime she decides
to go again to another country as a housemaid as her stay in Yaalpaanam
is much more dangerous in a war situation.
One other story is about a domestic servant in an affluent family. (
The writer could have used the word "Thirappu" instead of "Thurappu" and
"Muttam" instead of "Muththam"). She is neglected and she remained a
spinster. As a surprise at the end she openly and willingly goes with
the driver in the house to look after his child that is without a
mother.
A mother living in Colombo after the troubles in Yaalpaanam wishes to
go back there but her memory of losing her son and money in the bank
during a bank robbery haunts her. It is the substance of another story.
The precarious situation of a labourer without any money unable to
buy bread for his hungry child in a pouring rain as bread was not
available at a belated hour whereas he first buys imported butter to his
master's child. That is another story. In a different story the lack of
empathy from the masters of a domestic servant is described.
Another is a story of a woman who works in Singapore and looks after
her family for more than two years. But none of them had thought about
her personal life of getting her married. And the last story is about
the affluent living of a not so educated man behaving like a gentleman.
He works abroad. In reality he is engaged in anti-social activities and
is arrested by the police when he came to Sri Lanka.
Attention needed
These stories are simple and fine observations of some aspects of
life of the Thamil people. I would have preferred the writer paying more
attention to the craft of short story writing and being specific on the
relevant theme rather than jumping from one factor to the other.
However, these stories reveal the personality of the writer: her
idealism and care for good values.
A Thamil Honours graduate from Peradeniya University and later with a
master's degree, Yogeswari's first story appeared in a collection called
Vinnum Mannum (The Heaven and the Earth) published by the undergraduates
some 40 years ago. She taught at Yaalpaanam College (Jaffna College) and
later at the University of Yaalpaanam.
Having lived in Thamilnadu in India for sometime, she returned to Sri
Lanka some three years ago. What she records in this collection is her
impressions of the changes that are taking place within the Thamil
community and her fervent wishes to re-establish the inherent values.
She is married to an engineer, who is himself is a researcher on
Saiva Siddhanta philosophy. They have three children and grandchildren.
The book is available from her. Contact telephone Number: 2362242.
Contact: [email protected] or 2587617
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