Economy far from stagnating
Preethi JAYAWARDENA Managing Director and CEO, Chemanex PLC, Member
of the Monetary Policy Consultative Committee of the Central Bank
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Preethi
Jayawardena |
Recently, eminent public voices have resonated with opinions
regarding the state of the Sri Lankan economy and related monetary and
fiscal policies, often branding it as over-hyped and lacking clear
focus.
While respecting diverse opinions and encouraging debate in a healthy
democracy such as ours, it is fair to point out that amidst trying
global economic conditions, the Sri Lankan economy is far from
stagnating.
Credible market reports indicate that the global economy gained
momentum post-2008/2009 and a substantial proportion of growth is
expected to be derived from emerging market economies, driven by high
domestic demand and rising growth rates.
In 2010, the Sri Lankan economy exhibited robust expansion with
agricultural, industrial and service-oriented sectors performing above
expectations. It also posted a record growth rate of 8% - the highest in
thirty-two years.
The economic trends of the past year have continued in 2011,
especially in relation to strong and improved GDP rates and a sustained
rise in investment coupled with development activities in both the
public and private sector that has boosted the local economy’s profile
significantly.
Indeed, the United Nation’s Annual Economic Report, World Economic
Situation and Prospects 2011(WESP), predicts Sri lanka’s rate of growth
for real GDP for the years 2011 and 2012 to be 6.8%, second only to
India’s 8.2% in the South Asian region.
Furthermore, the country has rebounded sharply since the culmination
of the North-East war and the implementation of concrete peace
initiatives and trade incentives.
The $2.6 billion loan by the IMF to help reform the economy upon the
end of war was in support of the Government’s credible long-term
economic programme aimed at restoring “fiscal and external viability,”
along with undertaking large-scale reconstruction efforts - all of which
have been successfully achieved.
In addition, the Government’s monetary and fiscal policies have been
flexible and accommodating, with policy rates being cut several times.
As Leif Lybecker Eskesen, HSBC’s chief economist for India and ASEAN
noted, the action of fiscal consolidation undertaken in Sri Lanka
actually supports growth because it effectively boosts investor and
consumer confidence by demonstrating the Government’s commitment to
macroeconomic stability.
The 2011 budget, in effect, lays the groundwork for long-term
economic plans and objectives such as increasing purchasing power and
investment in capital, people and technology, while broadening the tax
base and restraining spending as a means of slashing fiscal deficits.
The country has “reigned in deficit spending” and allowed “inflation
and interest rates to ease,” thereby giving expression to the intentions
expressed in the national budget.
This is evident as the fiscal consolidation process has steadily
brought down fiscal deficits from 10% of GDP to below 7% of GDP in 2011.
To add to the momentum, the Government’s measure to reduce lending rates
by banks in 2010 has seen far-reaching benefits, with the Central Bank
of Sri Lanka easing its monetary policy stance in order to facilitate
the offering of credit at lower rates.
Market stability and widespread economic sustainability cannot be
achieved overnight, and while we cautiously gauge ‘negatives’ - such as
the country’s continuing weak export performance for the past 15 years
and the gradually appreciating Rupee, which depletes internal reserves
and stifles foreign investment and exports, primarily to crisis-ridden
advanced global markets - one must not hesitate to applaud the
Government on necessary initiatives taken to encourage private sector
growth, infrastructural development and wide-spread modernization.
With the World Bank announcing that the global economy is teetering
on a “new danger zone” and arguably the world’s most powerful leader,
Barak Obama, emphasizing that the Euro-Zone sovereign debt crisis is
“scaring the world,” the steps taken by the Government of Sri Lanka to
ensure broad-based economic development and domestic and regional
stability needs to be assessed with a positive frame of mind as opposed
to a cynical one.
After all, Sri Lanka’s first half of 2011 also grew by 8%. The
Government gained standing for restructured taxation laws that downsized
corporate income tax from 35% to 28%, except for tobacco and alcohol,
which was raised to 40%, while financial VAT was cut to 8% - reduced
from a steep 20%.
The country’s sovereign rating outlook was raised to ‘positive’ (from
‘stable’) by Moody’s, while Standard and Poor’s upgraded the country’s
credit rating by one notch to B+. Such steadily improving credit
assessments enabled the Government to raise much-needed capital from
international markets at low rates, with a single digit annual inflation
rate of 7.4% also assisting in garnering investor confidence.
The country’s gross official reserves reaching $8 billion, with
increased flows strengthening the local currency, while Government
revenue rose and overall expenditure was contained with considerable
success.
Furthermore, half the proceeds of the recently concluded $1 billion
sovereign bond issue was used to retire domestic debt while the other
half was deposited to meet future debt payments.
At a time when the Government is striving to bring down debt to GDP
ratio below 60% by 2016, it is imperative that as conscientious and
knowledgeable citizens of this country, we constructively support
instead of randomly criticize, in order to realize the ideal of this
Nation becoming the ‘Wonder of Asia’ in our lifetime.
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