US walks tightrope in Egyptian crisis
US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton’s call on Sunday for a
transition to democracy in Egypt compounded the pressure on President
Hosni Mubarak to loosen — if not eventually relinquish — his grip on
power.
While Clinton stopped short of pressing Mubarak to step down, her
blunt comments on US news programs marked the furthest the Obama
administration has gone so far in distancing itself from him.
Here are some of the policy options available to US President Barack
Obama and his aides.
Even with Clinton taking a more assertive line on Mubarak, she made
clear that the United States is not ready to abandon him, at least for
now, and that it wants his government to quickly open a dialogue with
democracy activists on sweeping reforms.
The United States is expected to keep walking a fine line between
supporting the democratic aspirations embodied in Egypt’s mass protests
and not wanting to give the impression of pulling the rug out from under
an ally of 30 years.
But Clinton’s insistence that Egypt’s presidential election in
September be “free and fair” could be seen as a message to Mubarak that
the United States would not accept him seeking re-election or trying to
anoint his son Gamal as successor.
Notably, Clinton repeatedly dodged questions on Sunday on whether
Mubarak was likely to survive in power. “Mubarak by this point is a dead
man walking,” Martin Indyk, a former U.S. ambassador to Israel and a
Middle East expert based in Washington, told CNN. “And the United States
has to get on the side of history if it’s going to preserve its
interests.”
Clinton’s talk of the need for an orderly, well-planned transition
made clear, however, that the United States wants to avoid creating a
political vacuum that it fears could be filled by anti-American
Islamists. The result is a balancing act that analysts suggest aims to
position the United States to be able to work with whomever prevails the
Mubarak government or its successor.
The risk, however, is that this cautious US approach will be
overridden by events on the ground, where mass protests have seethed for
days. Clinton’s praise for the Egyptian army’s restraint in contrast to
a harsh police crackdown last week showed the Obama administration is
hedging its bets on the military, considered the most powerful
institution in the country and also the key to Mubarak’s fate.
The idea that the Obama administration would give Mubarak unstinting
support is already out the window. Without doubt, Mubarak, a former air
force officer who replaced assassinated President Anwar Sadat in 1981,
has been a vital US partner because of his support for Egypt’s peace
treaty with Israel, his backing for a wider Arab-Israeli peace and his
help on counterterrorism and other issues.
And stability in Egypt for the past three decades has been of immense
value to US ally Israel, which has not had to worry about its Egyptian
flank since the 1979 peace treaty that flowed from the Camp David
Accords brokered by US President Jimmy Carter.
But blanket US backing for Mubarak would run the risk of being on the
wrong side of history and of sticking with an authoritarian leader whose
police have already used rubber bullets, tear gas and water cannon
against protesters.
To offer Mubarak uncritical support would also antagonize not only
Egyptians but also Arabs throughout the region, many of whom deeply
resent Washington for backing their authoritarian leaders, supporting
Israel and invading Iraq and Afghanistan.
Though tangible US options are limited in response to the Egyptian
crisis, if Washington were to turn its back on Mubarak altogether, it
could take any of the following steps: cutting off some or all of the
$1.3 billion in military aid and roughly $250 million in economic
assistance Washington gives Cairo annually; demanding the United Nations
Security Council take up the issue of Egypt’s crackdown on the
protesters; telling Mubarak behind the scenes that he should go. REUTERS
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