Effective land-use key to managing human-elephant conflict
Good land-use planning that takes both people and elephant needs into
account is the only long-term solution to mitigate the human-elephant
conflict, Centre for Conservation and Research (CCR) - Sri Lanka,
Chairman, Prithiviraj Fernando said.
Referring to a report jointly compiled by WWF-Nepal, the Nature
Conservation Foundation and CCR, Fernando said most mitigation measures
in use are just akin to bandaging the wounds and not treating the root
cause.
Massive international investment in large-scale infrastructure
projects in southern Asia will increase human-elephant conflict and
cause more deaths on both sides unless much greater care is taken, it
said.
The report - Review of Human-Elephant Conflict Mitigation Measures
Practised in South Asia, released yesterday, funded by the World Bank as
part of the World Bank-WWF Alliance for Forest Conservation and
Sustainable Use, warns international investors that a clear strategy for
keeping human-elephant conflict under control makes economic as well as
environmental sense.
It is estimated that the economic damage caused by human-elephant
conflict amounts to millions of dollars in some countries and in many
cases it is those responsible for new land developments that have to
foot the bill.
“Billions of dollars lined up for regional and national level
infrastructural investments such as the Trans-Asian highway project and
various hydro-power and irrigation projects are going to significantly
increase human-elephant conflict across Asia,” Coordinator of WWF’s
Asian elephant and rhino conservation programme, Christy Williams said.
Human-animal conflict is exacerbated whenever land where the animals
traditionally find food and living space is taken away as human
population and aspiration increases. In this situation elephants
frequently raid crop fields and break down houses to get at stored
crops.
Chance encounters between elephants and people, as well as efforts of
people to guard against elephants, result in injury and death of humans.
Harmful methods employed by people in the process result in death and
injury of elephants, thereby escalating the conflict.
It analyses case by case the methods local people are using to keep
elephants away from their houses and finds that to reduce the many costs
of human-elephant conflict, a strategy that explains the most effective
ways to mitigate the conflict is urgently needed. |