UN Assembly approves weakened summit blueprint
UNITED NATIONS, Wednesday (Reuters) The U.N. General Assembly
approved a watered-down declaration on development, human rights,
terrorism and global security on Tuesday for adoption at the world
body's 60th anniversary summit.
The meeting of world leaders is intended to revitalize the United
Nations for the fight against poverty and environmental destruction, and
make the sprawling organization more effective in tackling the 21st
century threats of terrorism and the spread of weapons of mass
destruction.
But negotiators failed to agree on how to tackle nuclear
proliferation or on a definition of terrorism sought by Western nations,
and they fell short of commitments to greater aid and tearing down trade
barriers that developing nations wanted.
"All of us would have wanted more, but we can work with what we have
been given ... It is an important step forward," Secretary-General Kofi
Annan told a news conference.
He reserved his sharpest criticism for the failure to agree on a
common approach to nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament, saying:
"This is a real disgrace."
The three-day summit, starting Wednesday, will be one of the largest
in history with some 150 kings, presidents and prime ministers
converging on U.N. headquarters. It comes at a time when the world body
and its Secretary-General have been weakened by a highly critical report
on abuses of the U.N.-run oil-for-food program in Iraq. The incoming
president of the General Assembly, Jan Eliasson of Sweden, said the
document showed the United Nations could advance only as far as the 191
member states were willing to go.
"Still I would claim that this very ambitious reform proposal
represents a major step for reform of the United Nations," Eliasson told
a news conference.
Fresh initiatives include the establishment of a new human rights
body, a Peacebuilding Commission to help nations emerging from war and
perhaps most significantly, an obligation to intervene when civilians
face genocide and war crimes.
The commitment to dismantle trade barriers was weaker than poor
nations would have liked, while the West failed to secure the criteria
it wanted for a new human rights council as well as detailed decisions
on U.N. management reforms.
European Union External Relations Commissioner Benita Ferrero-Waldner
said the proposed Human Rights Council was "a simple name-change" rather
than a root-and-branch reform of the widely criticised U.N. Human Rights
Commission, which includes countries such as Zimbabwe, Sudan and Cuba.
She also lamented the lack of progress towards building a more
powerful U.N. environmental organisation.
The document condemns terrorism "in all its forms" but at the
insistence of Islamic countries, negotiators deleted wording describing
the targeting of civilians as "unjustified" in exchange for dropping a
reference to national liberation struggles, such as that of the
Palestinians.
The right to self-determination of people under foreign occupation
was inserted elsewhere in the text. Delegates cheered the agreement
loudly after divisive all-night and weekend negotiations among
developing countries and rich nations and between the United States and
Europe.
U.S. Ambassador John Bolton, who stunned delegates by issuing a
barrage of amendments last month, said he was pleased with the outcome.
"This is not the alpha and omega and we never thought it would be. It
was only ever going to be the first step," he said.
Cuba's delegate denounced some of the amendments inserted by the
United States and criticized language on the goals of the new Human
Rights Council as well as on trade. Venezuela also expressed
reservations.
The United States and Annan had pressed hard for an overhaul of U.N.
management structures that would move control of the U.N. secretariat
away from the General Assembly.
But many of the proposals will be left for the General assembly to
decide later, although the document approves external accounting and
oversight and other measures. |