Collective political commitment, a must for welfare
of fisheries :
‘Empower fish farmers with means and voice’ – President
The commitment of the Asian political
leadership is essential to collectively overcome the challenges faced by
fisheries and aquaculture at present, said President Mahinda Rajapaksa,
delivering the keynote address at the Asian Regional Ministerial Meeting
on Aquaculture for Food Security, Nutrition and Economic Development
yesterday at the Hilton Hotel, Colombo.
Many policy initiatives such as strong trading standards, removing
non-tariff barriers and eliminating unfair trading practices are
imperative for the welfare of our fish farmers, he noted.
“We often read today of how fish is our last wild food and that our
oceans are being picked clean. We learn of factory trawlers that scrape
the ocean floor threatening the livelihoods of fishing communities in
countries and regions. These trawlers are commercial operations while
the small time fisherman goes out fishing as a means of day-to-day
living. This meeting is most timely because the natural habitat of fish
is being gravely threatened and aqua-culture development is of special
importance”, he further conceded.
The following is the full text of the speech:
“I welcome you all to Sri Lanka, as we are privileged to host this
ministerial meeting at a time when we examine the opportunities and
challenges to food security in our region and the world, and realize the
potential benefits from effective aqua-culture development in our
region.
President Mahinda Rajapaksa delivering the keynote address
at the Asian Regional Ministerial Meeting on Aquaculture for
Food Security, Nutrition and Economic Development at the
Hilton Hotel, Colombo yesterday. |
As an island nation we have a very long tradition in fisheries, a
tradition that keeps expanding with growing demand for fish which forms
a very important source amounting to 70 percent of animal protein in the
national diet of Sri Lankans.
It is remarkable that the Asian region with its vast fisheries
resources produces more than 90 percent of the world’s farmed fish. This
reflects the importance of aqua-culture for food security, nutrition and
economic development. But, as in many other sectors of food production
essential to humankind, fisheries is also greatly threatened today.
The fisheries resources are over-exploited and the physical resources
to produce more fish are fast reaching their limits to yield more under
available technology. You meet today facing the challenge of the world
having to produce 30 million more tons of fish per year by 2030 to feed
an ever-growing population.
Fishing communities
We often read today of how fish is our last wild food and that our
oceans are being picked clean. We learn of factory trawlers that scrape
the ocean floor threatening the livelihoods of fishing communities in
countries and regions.
These trawlers are commercial operations while the small time
fisherman goes out fishing as a means of day-to-day living. This meeting
is most timely because the natural habitat of fish is being gravely
threatened and aqua-culture development is of special importance.
For us to protect our fish farmers, it requires many policy
initiatives such as strong trading standards removing non-tariff
barriers and eliminating unfair trading practices. Methods that can
improve sustainability are necessary because their absence can have
adverse effects on small farmers and fishers. These need to be tackled
with speed and great sensitivity before vulnerable communities that
depend on fishing and fish farming are harmed.
In this context, I am pleased to learn of the approval of the Global
Aqua-culture Certification Guidelines by the FAO Committee on Fisheries.
I commend FAO and urge that all of us make a commitment to implement
these guidelines in Asia. I must thank the COFI leadership for setting
the global agenda for fisheries and aqua-culture.
As aqua-culture expands further out to sea issues of responsible
management of international waters would pose a challenge to policy
makers and planners investors and many other stakeholders. New policies
and laws will be necessary on issues such as leasing or renting of the
sea with due protection for economic zones.
Social welfare
We have to now face the reality that the world’s and our region’s
marine stocks are fast depleting with small and traditional fishers
facing serious livelihood problems. They make up a very large section of
the Asian work force.
Finding ways to help them is a matter of urgency. Perhaps, one way
would be to create opportunities for aqua-culture and related service
industries as alternative and additional livelihoods. We must also
protect and improve our natural stocks of fish so that fishing will
continue to provide food, jobs and income.
Aqua-culture can also help to address important issues on the
environment and social welfare. These include climate change and
problems of greenhouse gas emissions. We must also look at aqua-culture
for improving the coastal environment which is of special relevance to
Sri Lanka with the planned growth of tourism.
The growth of aqua-culture needs the development of technology in all
of its sectors. It is encouraging that we in Asia are rich in related
technology and have shown our ability to develop them further and use
them for good results. But in a region that is so large it is necessary
to overcome the problem of uneven development and fully exploit the
great potential for aqua-culture and to fully realize the value of this
asset.
Although fisheries is part of our lives and has been so through
history, yet fisheries and aqua-culture are small compared to other
Asian countries and I think it will remain so. But it is a major sector
for economic growth. Though currently contributing 2 percent of GDP,
this can and should be improved.
Rice-fish culture
In addition to the sea around us, Sri Lanka has many rivers and
lagoons and man-made lakes built for irrigation that support fish
production. These irrigation tanks have opened the possibility of a
rice-fish culture. This can be a dramatic way of producing more food and
helping to improve the rice farmer’s income.
I am happy to learn that the National Aqua-culture Development
Authority (NAQDA) established by our government in 1998, in addition to
supporting our goals in aqua-culture, is also working on the development
of rice-fish culture as a means of giving new strength to the rural
economy.
I am also reminded of the severe drought that prevails in some
countries in the African Continent and I strongly suggest that the FAO
along with the WFP and other UN agencies devise a speedy mechanism to
provide food for the people in those countries.
Sri Lanka is now catching up with what we lost during three decades
when terrorism deprived us of so much of development.
It prevented fishing and fish farming in the North and East from
getting the same attention as in other provinces. For many years,
fishing in the Northern and Eastern waters had to be prohibited or
greatly restricted. Today, with peace prevailing, we are moving to
massive national development in every sector including fisheries. We
have given a special place for aqua-culture and fisheries for a major
role in food production, job creation and income generation. These
programmes are spread throughout the country today with an added
emphasis in the North and East to give the people there, a better life
freed of the fear and threats of terror.
Regional cooperation
I wish to thank FAO for continued assistance to our efforts. On
fisheries and aqua-culture, I believe that our collective wisdom,
knowledge and work will help maintain Asia’s leadership in global
aqua-culture production in the coming decades. It is very important that
these same assets should be used to ensure that the countries and
provinces less developed in aqua-culture are able to fully realize the
potential of their fisheries and aqua-culture. Cooperation and
collaboration is of the utmost importance in this task.
It is important today to look at where we stand in regional
cooperation on aqua-culture. When the Network of Aqua-culture Centres in
Asia-Pacific (NACA) was established in 1990 dedicated to aqua-culture
development, Sri Lanka was one of the first countries to ratify the
agreement. It was a gesture of our commitment to practical regional
cooperation in an important area of development. Since then, NACA has
become a strong organization that serves our region and beyond too in
aqua-culture development. I am happy that NACA is now headed by a fellow
Sri Lankan Professor Sena de Silva.
I recall the first Conference on Aqua-culture in the Third
Millennium, organized by NACA, the FAO and the Royal Thai government in
the Year 2000 when I had the privilege of participating as an honoured
guest. The Bangkok Declaration and Strategy, adopted at this conference
remains the core instrument for aqua-culture development. It has shown
strength as an instrument and a guide. Later, it was fortified by the
consensus at the Global Conference of Aqua-culture held in Phuket in
September last year. These are milestones of success but what more can
be done?
I wish to remind you that for many years, we have tried to improve
the welfare of people in fisheries and improve the productivity from the
waters to obtain a richer harvest from the sea and other sources. We
have tried many methods from policies to regulations, incentives,
subsidies, in fact, everything that public administration allows. We
borrowed expertise and technology. We sent our people abroad for
training to improve our human resources. We improved facilities for
research and technology development.
Political leadership
The results of all this have been mixed. We made some good inroads
but, our efforts were also challenged by social, cultural and
environmental issues. Yet, some of our projects sustained. These were
streamlined into institutional processes.
If there is a lesson I can draw from our few successes, it is that
political commitment is the key to sustaining the goal of any
initiative. Place this in the larger context of our region and political
commitment becomes an even more crucial element. This raises the
important question as to how, we in the Asian Region can direct and
sustain political leadership and commitment to fisheries and
aqua-culture development.
We see from experience today that individual states can work together
more effectively to achieve common goals, especially, if they provide
the means and resources for regional associations to become stronger.
Therefore, political leadership and commitment must also be backed with
enough resources.
An expanded regional initiative can only be sustained by having both
political leadership and adequate resources. That we are not lacking in
political commitment will be seen when we adopt the ‘Colombo
Declaration’. It is a political commitment to ‘Regional Cooperation in
Aqua-culture Development for Food Security, Nutrition and Economic
Development in Asia’.
But there is another challenge. We have to provide the resources as
well. For this purpose, I think the way forward would be to establish a
Common Regional Fund that will in the future become a Common Global Fund
for responsible aqua-culture. If you think this is an idea worth looking
at, I believe that in this gathering there is plenty of experience to
develop the mechanism for such a fund. Let us not miss such a golden
opportunity.
FAO has shown that together we can contribute to the welfare of the
people of Asia from where aqua-culture stands today and where it should
go to. These are great goals. But my concern is that we do not have the
luxury of time to reach these stated goals. I am not unduly worried
about resources. Together we have the people and material needed to
achieve these goals. But the challenge is how we put these resources
together that are within different borders and institutions of
individual states and territories to work towards our common objectives.
Hopes and challenges
These hopes and challenges make it urgent to commit the Asian
political leadership in fisheries and aqua-culture to collectively face
the problems that will diminish the welfare of our people. This is the
challenge we all face today.
There are many issues of international politics and governance that
affect aqua-culture and fisheries. Product marketing in compliance with
various international trading standards is a serious problem to
developing countries and to the small scale fish farmers who produce the
most of Asia’s aqua-culture output. Just as in any other agricultural
commodity, we must address this situation politically. Let us remind
ourselves that the best results come when farmers, especially, the small
holders are empowered technologically and politically. It is when they
have both the means and the voice. With greater awareness and
empowerment, higher standards and good farming practice, they will not
be driven out of business.
Finally, let me express my fullest confidence in the success of the
ministerial meeting and my great optimism that its results will
strengthen and further promote fisheries and aqua-culture in Asia and
also provide effective ways to resolve the problems of overfishing and
threats faced by the world’s maritime species that are unprecedented in
human history.
I wish you well in your deliberations and trust you will have a
pleasant stay in our country and carry away the most pleasant memories
of Sri Lanka.” |