Niccolo Paganini’s romanced ballet
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The miracle violinist: Paganini would
softly walk on the stage with only the G-string in tact and
play with virtuosity, a feat that no violinist can emulate
and play until the single string snaps. |
He was the quintessential Romantic virtuoso surrounded by legends
about his diabolical skills on the violin as well as his ability to
dance all of which his cadaverous appearance did nothing to dispel.
His magnetism was so powerful and demanding that it lured the great
Rachmaninov in 1939 to compose his celebrated Rhapsody on a Theme of
Paganini. It was the composer who suggested to Mikhail Fokine the
possibility of a narrative ballet about Paganini using this score. Thus
Fokine produced his Paganini to Rachmaninov’s score in 1939. It was
mounted by de-Basil Ballets Russes at the Covent Garden in the summer
before the outbreak of war.
The Director of the Bolshoi Ballet. Leonid Lavrovsky who was the
choreograper-in-charge staged his Paganini in Moscow in 1960 with
Yaroslav Sekk as the tormented violinist.
A role later played brilliantly by Vladimir Vassilve. Lavrovsky did
not adopt Fokine’s scenario which meant that Paganini was tormented by
his own genius as well by his rivals and instead he sought to give the
impression of an artist in an emotional struggle.
Pagnini (Vasiliev) danced against authority, the conflicts he would
encounter. Later with eventual triump. There were seven sections in the
scores but titled by Lavrovsky and all were danced.
1. First Improvisations
2. Enemies
3. A Meeting
4. Lonliness and Despair
5. Love and Consalation
6. The joys of creative work and Death
7. (Finale) Stronger than death.
For many long years Lavrovsky had dreamed of producing an one-act
ballet devoted to the music of Sergei Rachmaninov who was his favourite
composer. As he listened to the music of Rhapsody one night when poet
Heinrich Heine paid tribute to the amazing genius of Paganini. A ballet
unfolded before his eyes with coloured shadows and the great masterpiece
of ballet. Paganini captured his imagination and the world saw its
immortality. Rachmaninov’s Rhapsody conquered him precisely because
Paganini was its central character. So, the immortal classic of
choreography depicted Paganini as Lavrovsky deemed. He revealed Paganini
as the rebellious, passionate, full of vitality and struggling for his
art.
Paganini in love all his life not only with music but with life
itself, Lavrovsky decided in his ballet that Paganini will not hold a
violin. The beautiful instrument that gave birth to music. He used
Paganini’s body as the symbol of the deathless beauty and power of
music.
If I am asked to deliver an oration on a classical composer, it will
certainly be Paganini. Not so much over his music since I am not
passionate over his scores but for the virtuoso violinist in him.
Never in the annals of music history, was a violinist so iconic, a
marvel ever born in the past or to date. The vibrancy of his playing
shook the realms of string orchestration.
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Paganini’s magnetism so overwhelmed
composer, Sergei Rachmaninove that he, together, with
choreographer, Lenoid Lavrovsky produced a ballet on him
titled Paganini. Here Paganini (Dmitri Guanor) with the Muse
(Nina Lagrinov) |
He would enter the stage with just two strings on his violin; E
string representing a woman and the G string representing a man, and
play passionate scores between them.
(I mean between E and G strings). At other events, he would pull out
three stings off his violin and continue to play on one;
just the G string. This musical miracle demanded incredible
athleticism and split-second accuracy.
He was at peace with himself while the audience stand up and gasp in
wonder whether he would snap the single string. This was a feat that
even the man (whoever discovered the violin) could not have achieved.
Paganini performed certain passages, leapt and double-stopped that had
never been heard from any violinist.
The beginning of a miracle
After being taught by his gifted father, on the mandolin and violin,
he also mastered the guitar and viola, like a duck taking to water.
His first appearance was at eleven years and was only sixteen when he
wrote the famous Twenty-four Caprices. Infact the young Paganini was
greatly influenced by a now-forgotten violinist.
August Duranowski some of his works that he adapted later and turned
out to be brilliant string scores.
Paganini left home when he was nineteen to Lucca and most of the
money he earned there were lost due to his gambling. At one concert he
turned up without a violin in a crazy state of mind and was loaned one
by the wealthy amateur, Guarnerius. After he heard him perform,
Guarnerius refused to take it back.
His amorous life started with an affair with Napleanis sister.
Princess Elise for whom he composed many outstanding, captivating
scores.
After the affair broke off, Paganini struck up a relationship with
opera singer, Antonia Bianchi whom he met in 1824. Their son, Achille
was born in 1825 and though that relationship too broke down, Paganini
continued as a devoted father who accompanied his son wherever he went.
Achille died in 1895. Paganini’s rise was stupendous. He conquered
Vienna, Berlin, Paris, London in 1828. In three years he became the most
famous violinist. Despite doubling the tickets people thronged to see
him and among them was the young Liszt swore that he would become the
‘Paganini of the piano’.
With time, he fell terribly sick with various complications and was
condemned as a heretic because of the sounds he made.
Laryngeal Phthisis robbed him of his speech. When he died in 1840 his
body was stored in a cellar for years because the church refused him
burial saying he was in league with the devil. How else would he make
such noises, the church queried.
In 1845, the Grand Duchess of Parma authorized the removal of his
remains to the Villa Gaione; they were re-interred in Parma cemetery in
1876 and yet again in another cemetery in 1896. Paganani’s extraordinary
violin, Guarneri del Gesu is preserved in the Musoo Municipal in Genoa.
No other composer of the first two decades on the nineteenth century so
mesmerized the public.
He was the archetypical Romantic; tall, emaciated, with wavy black
hair to shoulder length, he was dare-devil showman, always dressed in
black. His charisma and technical wizardry introduced virtuosity as an
important element of music making. When he died the whole music world
died with him.
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