Australian duo wins Nobel Medicine Prize
Australian research duo Barry J. Marshall and J. Robin Warren were on
Monday awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine for their breakthrough
research on how to treat stomach ulcers, the Nobel jury said.
They "made the remarkable and unexpected discovery" that gastritis as
well as peptic ulcer disease is the result of a stomach infection caused
by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, it said.
Marshall, 54, is from Kalgoorlie, Western Australia and researches at
the QEII Medical Centre in Nedlands. Warren, 68, was born in Adelaide in
South Australia and now lives in Perth where he worked as a pathologist
at the Royal Perth Hospital until 1999.
"Thanks to the pioneering discovery by Marshall and Warren, peptic
ulcer disease is no longer a chronic, frequently disabling condition,
but a disease that can be cured by a short regimen of antibiotics and
acid secretion inhibitors," the jury said.
Before the discovery of the bacterium in 1982, stress and lifestyle
were considered the major causes of ulcers. But it has now been firmly
established that Helicobacter pylori causes more than 90 percent of
duodenal ulcers and up to 80 percent of gastric ulcers. In rich
countries, infection with the bacterium is less common than in the
developing world "where virtually everyone may be infected", the Nobel
citation said.
Last year, the award went to two American researchers, Richard Axel
and Linda B. Buck, for pioneering work on our sense of smell, explaining
how we recognize thousands of odours and remember them.
The Nobel prizes, founded by Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, the
inventor of dynamite, were first awarded in 1901.
This year's laureates will receive a gold medal and share 10 million
Swedish kronor (1.1 million euros, 1.3 million dollars). AFP |